Cleaning copper vessels..

Mix a paste of tomato ketchup or tomato sauce with salt and wipe the copper vessel. After 5 min scrub it off and wash with dish washing liquid.

Spadigam or crystal- interesting facts

Spadigam or crystal- interesting facts

• Spadigam is a white transparent shining crystal. It reduces body temperature and hence the excess heat from the body
• How to identify true spadigam?
  
• Leave it on a surface preferably wooden or plastic surface like table chair glass etc. Feel it after few minutes. If its chill , its indicative of original spadigam.
• crystal are thought to be as good absorbers of good positive energy
• It regulates the sleep pattern of a human body
• As it regulates the body temperature it also regulates the mind , thinking and calms a disturbed mind
• It is believed to remove fear or anger
• it is also called quartz crystal or snow crystal
• It is made up of Silicon and oxygen (SiO2) but linked to 4 oxygen atoms (SiO4) - tetrahedral in shape
• it regulates female hormones 
• Women who have a harder time becoming pregnant, can wear this during their ovulation period to increase the chances of pregnancy 
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How to buy carrot?

How to choose carrots?

tapering ones are not good. choose ones which are uniform throughout.
nutrient content is more in such carrots than in ones which are tapering

choose bright orange or reddish orange ones , as these are rich in betacarotene.
betacarotene is an plant pigment(dye) present in plants and can be converted to Vitamin A.

Few short cut keys for PC or laptop users

Short cut keys ………….

Ctrl + C- copy

Ctrl + X- cut

Ctrl + V- paste

Ctrl + A- select all

Ctrl + S- save

Ctrl + N- to open new file

Ctrl + [- to decrease font size

Ctrl + ]- to increase font size

Ctrl + I- to italicize a word

Ctrl + U- to underline a word

Ctrl +B- to make a word bold

Ctrl + F- to find a word in a file

Ctrl + G- to go to a particular page in a file

Ctrl + L- Left alignment 

Ctrl + R-Right alignment

Ctrl + E- Centre alignment

Ctrl + K- to hyperlink a file 

Worm infestation in stomach

Worms are a very common in unhygienic conditions . This is especially for children who play in soil and eat without washing hands. These worms grow well inside stomach taking away all our nutrition. This results in poor nutritional profile of child and howmuch ever the child eats , he or she may look very weak. Giving Albendazole is a remedy. this syrup can be taken once in 6 months. This not only kills the worms in stomach but also the E.coli and other bacteria in stomach. our stomach houses bacteria ( less than 20,000 colonies) which help in absorption of vitamins and minerals from our stomach. When deworming is done , it kills the bacteria too. hence vitamin and mineral absorption is hindered. How can be rectify this condition ? supplementing with yeast , from natural sources and more intake of vitamins is required. Hence one can have sour curds rich in yeast and bacteria that help in vitamin and mineral absorption . Drinking more juices and having more greens also add on to the vitamin and mineral supplementation. That is why after treatment from hospitalisation , doctors give yeast packet , sachharomyces so that vitamins and essentials nutrients are absorbed by the stomach.
When zinc and selenium which are required for hair growth are not absorbed easily from the stomach, there is hair loss .
Also zinc deficieny and nutritional deficiency is seen as white patches on the face like that of fungal infection .
Hygienic conditions are hence a must. Children should be insisted on washing their hands with soap before food. In case of addiction to chocolates , the glucose in it helps in growth of worms. Hence deworming is suggested once in 6 months. subsequent to deworming , intake of juices and natural bacterial supplements is suggested. 

Science Day Feb 28th - in honour of Sir C.V Raman

About Sir C.V.Raman

First Indian to receive Nobel prize

He received Nobel Prize in 1930 for Raman Effect. He received Bharat Ratna in 1954.

He is an Indian Physicist

When light travels through a transparent medium, there is change in wavelength of the some of the deflected light. This is called Raman scattering.

Science day is celebrated every year on Feb 28^th in honour of C.V.Raman

picture source: Google images

Raman effect in brief

Raman Effect: fingerprinting the universe-Excerpts from 2010 Times of India

Sir CV Raman won the 1930 Nobel Prize for discovering the "Raman effect".

His discovery has finally become a breakthrough technology.

Raman scanners, weighing just one-third of a kilo, are being used as Hand-held scanners at airports to detect drugs , explosives, hazardous chemicals and gases. 

Police forces are using Raman scanners for forensic work.

The scanners work by detecting the molecular structure of the object they are scanning.

When a beam of light falls on an object, a very small part of it interacts with the atoms of the object and scatters light in a pattern which is unique for a particular molecule. This is the Raman Effect.

Raman scattering is difficult to detect

Lasers are needed to amplify the signal.

Every molecule has a different Raman pattern and hence Raman scanning is called the fingerprinting of the universe

Normally to find the chemical composition of a substance we need to carry out many chemical and physical tests. This is a time consuming process. In this process we use the substance taken for analysis and hence it is a destructive process. Raman scanning takes just 20 seconds. It does not require cutting, extracting or destroying a substance. 

Though Soaps are coloured , the foams are always colourless!

We use different kinds of  soap , different colour soaps. Yet whenever we wash, we get only colourless foams or lather. Why is that the lather is not coloured?

when soap is mixed with water and lathered, it mixes air and forms bubbles. This we call foam.  These bubbles have more air inside  than the  soap material. Also colour of natural light is white. This reflection of light in soap produces white foams instead of coloured foams. If we use coloured light and see these foams , the foams may appear coloured since they reflect coloured light.
Thus a thin film of bubble has lots of air and because of low surface tension this thin film forms many small  bubbles - large surface area! When light strikes these innumerable bubbles it gets scattered.
So all foams are white in colour.

Which soap is good ? Which soap has highest TFM?

Cleaning action of soap

Soap’s molecules-consist of a hydrophilic (water loving) and a hydrophobic (water fearing) part.

The water molecules alone are unable to pass through a greasy stain, since oil and water do not mix.

Soap molecules, through their hydrophobic side, pass through the dirt, surround it and disrupt it, while their hydrophilic side helps to dissolve it.

Soap attracts the dirt and water washes away the dirty soap.

Which soap is good for bathing?

Soap which has high TFM is good.

TFM is total fatty matter.

i made a short survey of some of the soaps existing in market.

quite interesting!

Several soaps have good TFM value. Greater the TFM, greater is the ability to remove dirt.

Greater the TFM greater is the cleaning ability of soap

Soap                                   TFM value

Mysore sandal                         78%

cinthol                                   79%

fair glow                                   76%

Godrej no.1                             76%

park avenue                             76%

lux creamy white                       72%

dettol skincare                           71%

margo                                        71%

rexona                                        70%

hamam                                        65%

Himalaya soaps                           76%

Yardley                                        78%

Fiama di wils, Dove, pears oil clear,medimix sandal- bathing bars

lifebuoy -45% TFM

Benefits of Ear Piercing

Benefits of Ear Piercing

• This helps in maintaining the reproductive organs and  regularity of menstrual cycle.
• It helps in preventing hysteria
• Ear rings help in maintaining the flow of electricity or charges in the body. Charges are lost from the body  through skin. Bangles or ear rings are round in shape and help in restoring this  loss of charges.
• prevents hernia in male
• prevents accumulation of fluid in testicles 
• piercing the  ear lobe activates the brain
• it helps in memory boost
• piercing when done in the stages of brain development enhances activation ofbrain.
• Less than 1 year is the recommended age for ear piercing as the brain growth is rapid in this stage
• it also helps in enhancing eye  vision
• Keeps digestive system updated  
• Courtesy: google.com

How to keep bananas fresh for long?

Bananas can be kept ripe and fresh for long by wrapping with a polythene cover. Ethylene gas released hastens the ripening process. Covering with plastic sheet, prevents contact with ethylene and prevents ripening.

Lecture Notes free download

Worth seeing this website...
Useful for downloading notes
hppts://ocw.mit.edu/educator

Know about Google!

We all use Google.
But What is this Google? Why this name?
Few interesting facts:
Google company was founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin
It started in 1998

Googol is a mathematical term for 1 followed by 100 zeros..
This became google !
Denotes the founders vision to have infinite information on the web.
THe headquarters is Googleplex in California
The offices are in 40 countries all over the world

Dengue prevention. ....an interesting post from web

Teeth Whitening with apple cidar

Apple cidar can be used as an effective teeth whitening agent. Dilute apple cidar vinegar and water in 1:1 ratio and gargle to whiten the teeth.

effective treatment of varicose veins

An effective way of treating varicose veins:

varicose veins are veins that are enlarged. mostly these are twisted, coiled and obviously seen through skin as greenish tangled coils.
Most varicose complains are in the leg.
IN normal veins blood flow is normal
IN varicose veins blood flow is hindered that blood blow is reversed or back flow. When flow is not permitted then it begins to clot there

effective treatment method: grind pieces of carrot , aloe vera and make a paste with diluted apple cidar. 
application of this on the veins removes the varicose veins on continuous use.

Remove wrinkles with apple cidar!

Apple cider vinegar fights wrinkles: 

Dilute apple cider vinegar 1 teaspoon with 50ml water

 and and dab on your skin. 

Rinse with warm water and pat dry.

Repeat this for a month to get a wrinkle free skin.

This not only removes wrinkles but also gives a clear 

skin. It removes the scars and marks due to pimples

pigmentation etc.

Note: Do not rub while applying apple cidar. 

Do not wipe after wash. Just pat dry.

IF scars or marks are more, use apple cidar without 

dilution only on that place of marks/scars. This 

helps to lighten the skin.

To get a shiny straight hair...

Everyone likes shiny hair. Many prefer straight hair.  Here is an simple way of getting a shiny straight hair.  Mix 50ml coconut milk and corn flour 1 teaspoon into a paste. Let it be free from clumps. Heat the paste in mild flame . To it add 3 table spoon  almond oil and 2 table spoon  lemon juice and stir well. Apply this paste and wash off after 20 min.  Repeat this at least thrice a week and you can see amazing results. 

Red sandalwood. ....

Red sandalwood is called Raktha Clandon.  It has lots of medicinal uses.  It is used in many ayurveda preparations. 
Notable uses include: in the treatment of eye disorders, nasal bleeding,menorrhagia etc.
The powder when mixed with water forms a paste which is commonly used as face pack to remove acne and for a glowing skin. 
It is also cooling and soothing for the skin. 

How to get a glowing skin?

Every body likes glowing skin. Removal of dead cells and clearing up the face gives glow to the  skin. Glycolic acid makes the skin glow. Glycolic acid peels are costly and may not be affordable for common man. Try this simple treatment at home. Take a tea spoon full of sugarcane juice and mix it with lime juice (from half piece lemon). Mix well and apply this on your face. Wash it off after 15 minutes. This leaves the skin glowing. Repeat this procedure once a week to get a clear skin.Glycolic acid in sugarcane does this wonder. Citric acid of lime helps in lightening the skin and removing scars.

Tip of the day- how to wake up a student sleeping in class without hurting his/her feelings

One of the challenges faced by teachers handling post-lunch session is facing dozing wards. How can a teacher handle this situation?  I asked this to my students to lend their ideas as to how we can make the student wake up.
these were some of the ideas given by students: (Though i am not for all these , still i mention them)
1. call the student by name and ask her a question
2.ask the student to go and wash face and come back
3. stop the class and tell a story
4. tell a joke
5. ask the whole class to stand and sit so that , that 1 student alone is not hurt
6. ask questions to that row of students

I totally disagree to this. This would disturb the whole class and also if you ask question to the student, she will definitely feel hurt. Even if we dont ask question but ask her to freshen up and come , the student feels hurt when pointed out that she is sleeping in class.
So What can be done !  We should not stop the class, but at the same time must not allow the  students to sleep or doze off. Follow this simple technique:
When ever a teacher is assigned a particular class, before we enter the  class it is essential that we are familiar with the names of few students . When we find a student dozing just call the person sitting next to her. Say Nithya is sleeping and Anitha is sitting next to her, Simply say" understood Anitha? " THis will alert Anitha and Nithya. Then  after 5 min we can say "is it ok Nithya"? This sort of spelling out names makes the child feel that you are giving importance to her. She not only feels happy motivated and encouraged but will not sleep say atleast for another hour.  In a similar manner if we call names of students sitting in 8 corners of the class then the whole class will be attentive . When one name is spelt out the students surrounding that student also become alert. This method makes the students to be alert in class and we teachers are not allowing them to sleep or we don't hurt their ego .
Happy teaching to teachers!!!

Tip of the day-how to get soft idli

Here are few tips for getting soft idlis:
Grind soaked fenugreek seeds separately till it lathers then grind uead dhal with sufficient water such that it is neither thick nor very watery.
Grind idli rice separately tool soft batter is got.
Mix all three with salt and leave it for 6hours.
Mix well and store in tupperware containers for use.
Tips: do not allow to ferment in tupperware containers.  It may ferment late. Better to leave in steel vessels first.
Correct proportion of rice dhal ratio is a must.4:1 rice: dhal.
Addition of half cup sago gives fluffiness to the idlis
Addition of castor seeds enhacolour

Tip of the day- how to remove bad odour / smell from a flask

Put some newspaper bits inside and leave it over night. The ink in paper adsorbs the components responsible for the bad smell leaving the flask odourless

Do I need Hydrogen peroxide at home?

Hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide is a wonder chemical which we should have at home. It is available in medical shops. 
This wonder chemical has lots of uses:

• ·        Dilute Hydrogen peroxide 3ml with 100ml water and use it to wash wounds/burns. It is a mild antiseptic and prevents infection.
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• ·        Soak your feet in a tub of water containing hydrogen peroxide 5ml to remove bacteria and germs. It softens the skin and removes the disease causing bacteria that access our body easily through feet. It gives a pedicured look to our feet!

·        Dilute Hydrogen peroxide with water and use as a mouth rinse to remove mucus / bad breath or to relieve minor mouth irritation .

·        Dilute Hydrogen peroxide with water and use for washing face to remove bacteria and germs which cause pimples

·        Add a small bottle cap level of hydrogen peroxide to bath tub. Bathing with this water makes one fresh and clean. A natural deodorant indeed!
·        Hydrogen peroxide mixed with baking soda removes stains from teeth
·        Gargle your mouth with hydrogen peroxide to get relief from toothache
·        Hydrogen peroxide diluted with water is used to disinfect fruits/vegetables/tooth brush/ containers/fridge and many more such materials which require  disinfection and cleaning
·        Soaking nails in hydrogen peroxide whitens them, brightens them!
·        In kitchen/bathrooms/glass surfaces/cutting board/floors/rugs/sponges  etc  it is used to remove stains and dirt
·        Hydrogen peroxide bleaches stains on white fabrics and bleaches if used on colour clothes
·        Diluted hydrogen peroxide added to flasks removes stains and bad odour
·        Wiping mixie parts , juicers ,lunch boxes, closed containers etc with hydrogen peroxide removes stains and odour
·        Seeds soaked in hydrogen peroxide give better germination results
·        Most of the time the gaps in between the tiles are full of dirt. It removes the aesthetic appearance of the floor. Use hydrogen peroxide solution to whiten the gaps in floors.
 

easy ice cream making ----

This I found in internet . It was a facebook post which I tried and found appreciable!
Making a nutritious ice gola!
Cut pieces of fruits like ripe mango, guava, kiwi, cherry, banana . Let it be colourful and to our choice of taste. Pack the pieces into a mould or a tumbler if icecream mould not available. place an stick inside and pour coconut water or tender coconut water. Keep in refrigerator. After it freezes , slowly rotate the stick and take off from the container. We get a nutritious ice cream rich in minerals and vitamins and of course, good to taste!

Benefits of lemon tea!

Benefits of lemon tea

How to prepare a good lemon tea?

Take 200ml water and boil well . Add 1 teaspoon tea (powder or leaf) and put off the flame . Leave it to brew for 3minutes. Filter off through  a sieve and add sugar. Stir well till sugar dissolves. Add 6 drops of lemon juice and stir once. Now hot lemon tea is ready. When lemon is added it decolourises the tea and we get a reddish orange colour.

The benefits of Lemon tea  are many, few of which are mentioned below:

• Lemon tea supports functioning of liver and digestive system
• It controls blood sugar levels
• It also helps in the control of obesity
• Lemon not only adds flavour to tea but offers multiple health benefits
• Since it is rich  in ascorbic acid or vitamin C, it enhances our immunity
• It is rich in antioxidants and helps us in fighting against bacteria and virus
• Lemon tea helps in restoring the water lost from our body through dehydration. It keeps skin smooth and soft
• It helps us in detoxifying the waste from our body
• It is rich  in minerals like potassium and good for the brain and nerve function
• It is anti-inflammatory and used in treating inflammations in our body which is the cause of many ailments
• It is good for asthma patients and those who have respiratory problems
• Lemon is a good pH neutralizer.
• Lemon helps in preventing accumulation of uric acid in the joints which causes inflammation and pain in joints
• Lemon tea helps in cleansing our mouth too!.It is a natural refresher.
• Since it is rich  in vitamin C, we are not likely to get vitamin C associated diorders like Scurvy. Vitamin C helps in quick healing of wounds
• It reduces stress (aromatherapy)
• In summer lemon tea aids to overcome the heat
• It soothens a sore throat and advisable in cold
• It reduces headache

•  

A good recipe for healthy living!

Healthy Blood circulation makes us free from many ailments. How can this be achieved in our routine which is full of hurries!
Soak dates , badam, fig and raisins in water for 12-18 hrs and grind them well into dry fruit juice. This when taken along breakfast is sure to give you good blood circulation and give good health. It makes us active all through the day !

Careers in Chemistry; What is your future after learning Chemistry? Wonderful future....

Careers in Chemistry

• Teacher
• as researcher in RND labs of industries/institutions
• Healthcare scientist, clinical biochemistry.
• Pharmacologist.
• Research scientist (physical sciences)
• 
  
• Agrochemist
• Analytical Chemistry
• Astrochemist
• Atmospheric Chemistry
• Biochemistry
• Biotechnology
• Catalysis
• Ceramics Industry
• Chemical Engineer
• Chemical Information Specialist
• Chemical Sales
• Chemical Technology
• Chemist (chemist profile)
• chemistry instructor
• chemistry professor
• Colloid Science
• Consulting
• Consumer Products
• Environmental Chemistry
• Environmental Law
• Enironmentalpolicy ruler
• Ethnobotany
• Food Chemistry
• Forensic Scientist
• Geochemistry 
• Government Policy
• Hazardous Waste Management
• Healthcare scientist, 
• Inorganic Chemistry
• ,Materials Science
• Medicine
• Metallurgy
• Military Systems
• Oceanography
• Organic Chemist
• Paper Industry
• Patent Law
• Perfume Chemistry
• Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry
• Pharmaceuticals
• Physical Chemistry
• Plastics Industry
• Polymer Industry
• Professor
• R&D Management
• Science Writer
• Software Design
• Space Exploration
• Surface Chemistry
• Teaching
• Technical Writing
• Textile Industry
• Toxicologist

Found the horoscope of Aishwarya Rai interesting and genuine!

watsapp tricks!

Watapp tricks

• Blue ticks - double ticks-in watsapp messages means messages are delivered and the receiver has read it.

Go to settings--> disable Read Receipts. now those blue ticks disappear.!

• Tap and hold on any of the messages in watsapp followed by the Info option. This will show the time your message was delivered and subsequently read!
• Tap on the group chat of your choice, then the name to bring up Group Info where you will find the option to Mute the chat for eight hours to one week or a year.
• you can mute messages in a group is too many forwards are disturbing.

Lady's finger for diabetes or blood sugar control...............

Can lady's finger be used for controlling blood sugar level or what is normally called as diabetes or hyperglycemic condition??
When ladies finger is kept in water for 3 to 4 hours , the mucous dissolves in water and we get slimy water. this mucous is rich in protein. When this water is taken in empty stomach, it may neutralise the hydrochloric acid secreted inside the stomach. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is required for digestion. HCl hydrolyses the food and finally we get glucose and energy. In empty stomach the content of HCl is more and when food is supplied to the stomach digestion is rapid. 
But instead of food when the slimy water of ladies finger is taken in , it reacts with HCl and this acid is thus not available for digestion. This means it will take a longer time for food to be hydrolysed to glucose. this means that there will  be slow release of blood sugar. Hence intake of slimy water of ladies finger is good for diabetic sugar patients for whom rapid hydrolysis of starch is not recommended.
Beware- but if excess mucous is taken in , it may hamper digestion!!
Mucous of lady's finger has amlyase inhibiting activity and hence is good for control of blood sugar.  this mucous rich water should be taken before lunch and not in the morning or night.

grape seed- anti cancer

Amazing 9 layer liquids we can make at home!!!

Amazing 9 layer liquids we can make at home!!!

source:http://science.wonderhowto.com/how-to/make-amazing-9-layer-density-tower-from-things-found-your-kitchen-0139720/

Lifi- the technology most awaited !

Lifi- the technology most awaited !

    Lifi refers to light fidelity

    With increase in population our wants and needs are increasing day by day.

    We are in the search for newer technologies and newer concepts

    We had room sized computers replaced by desktop pc’s, then TFT monitors, then laptops, then very slim laptops, then tabs, iphones,  and so on

    This sort of development is for the want of more sophisticated gadgets with high operating speeds, memory and other convenient parameters like weight, aesthetic appearance, cost etc.

    Lifi lends its hand in increasing the data transfer to more than 100 times than in Wifi

    I wonder if we can use trees or solar radiation for data transfer!!

    If trees played the role of refueling bunks and Wifi spots, there wouldn’t be the need for environmental awareness programmes!

    Though we don’t have TREE Fi technology, we have what is called LIFI

    It is an visible light communication system

    It is dependent on the use of visible light which sometimes is a drawback

    This means even in day time we need light in all places

    It uses wireless communication at very high speeds

    It transmits data electromagnetically similar to Wifi

    Light sources like visible light (common LED’s ) Ultra violet or Infra red light in the range 400 to 800 THz are used in Lifi for data transfer at high speeds say 224 Gigabits per second.

    Professor Harald Heas of University of Edenburgh coined this term Lifi in 2011 in the context that even light bulbs can act as wireless routers than cellular towers which are now providing data transfer.

    A photo detector receives light signals and signal processing element for converting data into stream able content

    Data is fed into a visible light sourcing signal processing technology which then sends data at rapid speed to the photo detector which receives that light signals.

    The continuous supply of current that is constant source of photons supplied to a light source like LED can be flicked on and off at extremely high speeds still being invisible to naked eye.

    These tiny changes in the rapid flicking on an off of LED bulbs is then converted by the receiver into electrical signal which is then converted back into binary data recognizable as web, video or auidio applications which are un on internet enabled devices

    Wifi can pass thru walls but is not possible with Lifi. Though this makes it secure it but necessitates the use of light even in day time, in all rooms to have connectivity.

    Lifi is more secure that Wifi due to its shorter range

    The installation costs of Lifi are initially high

    Even light reflects from walls can transfer data at speeds in the range 70-75MB/sec

    Lifi is advantageous in that it can be used in places where there are more electromagnetic interferences.

Few interesting chemical molecules